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Ramayana Story With Pictures Pdf5/7/2021
The Ramayana was composed in Sanskrit, probably not before 300 bce, by the poet Valmiki and in its present form consists of some 24,000 couplets divided into seven books.Ravana Ravana, the many-headed demon-king, detail from a painting of the Ramayana, c.
Cleveland Museum of Art. Bickford. After Rama is banished from his position as heir to the kingdom through a palace intrigue, he retreats to the forest with his wife and his favourite half brother, Lakshmana, to spend 14 years in exile. There Ravana, the demon-king of Lanka, carries off Sita to his capital while her two protectors are busy pursuing a golden deer sent to the forest to mislead them. Sita resolutely rejects Ravanas attentions, and Rama and his brother set out to rescue her. After numerous adventures, they enter into alliance with Sugriva, king of the monkeys, and, with the assistance of the monkey-general Hanuman and Ravanas own brother, Vibhishana, they attack Lanka. When they return to Ayodhya, however, Rama learns that the people still question the queens chastity, and he banishes her to the forest. There she meets the sage Valmiki (the reputed author of the Ramayana ) and at his hermitage gives birth to Ramas two sons. The family is reunited when the sons come of age, but Sita, after again protesting her innocence, plunges into the earth, her mother, who receives her and swallows her up. Rama, Sita, Hanuman, and Lakshmana Rama and Sita (seated) with Hanuman (kneeling) and Lakshmana, 18th century, India. Photos.comThinkstock Ramayana translation Learn about a project to create a translation in contemporary English of the Indian epic poem the Ramayana. Displayed by permission of The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. A Britannica Publishing Partner ) See all videos for this article The poem enjoys immense popularity in India, where its recitation is considered an act of great merit. Little is known of Valmiki as a historical figure, though he is described as having been a thief named Ratnakara prior to becoming a sage. Many translations of the Ramayana into the vernacular languages are themselves works of great literary artistry, including the Tamil version of Kampan, the Bengali version of Krittibas, and the Hindi version, Ramcharitmanas, of Tulsidas. The Ramayana was popular during the Mughal period (16th century), and it was a favourite subject of Rajasthani and Pahari painters of the 17th and 18th centuries. The story also spread in various forms throughout Southeast Asia (especially Cambodia, Indonesia, and Thailand ), and its heroes, together with the Pandava brothers of the Mahabharata, were also the heroes of traditional Javanese-Balinese theatre, dance, and shadow plays. Incidents from the Ramayana are carved in bas-relief on many Indonesian monumentsfor example, at Panataran in eastern Java. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Rama is deprived of the kingdom to which he is heir and is exiled to the forest with his wife Sita. It is less an epic than a romance, recounting the story of prince Rma and his wife St. Both works are mixtures of the historical and the legendary, both were rewritten and edited, both suffered from frequent interpolations even as late as the early centuries ce, and both were later.
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